Sampling Methods Techniques of Sampling BBA

Non-probability sampling methods do not provide the same bias-removal benefits as probability sampling, but they are sometimes used for convenience or simplicity. The following are some examples of non-probability sampling and https://1investing.in/ how they work. Let us now go over the various types of probability sampling methods in detail, with illustrative examples. In this method, all eligible individuals have a chance to choose a sample from the entire sample space.

The number of people contacted by a researcher is directly proportional to the cost of a study. Sampling saves money by allowing researchers to obtain the same answers from a sample as they would from the entire population. Normally, it would be impractical to study an entire population, such as when conducting a questionnaire survey. Sampling is a technique that allows researchers Global Standardization in Marketing to infer information about a population based on results from a subset of the population rather than investigating every individual. However, this sampling is disadvantaged by the requirement of larger samples and weights for each strata or each individual event may be difficult to know in many settings. Results cannot be taken as representative for the entire population.

Simple Random Sampling

In a population of 1000 people, each person has a one-in-a-thousand probability of being selected for a sample. Random Probability Sampling restricts population bias and ensures that all individuals of the population have an equal opportunity of being included in the sample. Unlike the earlier discussed methods, in this method, the population is at first divided into sub-population. As the population gets divided, these small groups become important in some way. The stratified sampling helps in getting more specific conclusions related to the study.

There many ways to select 15 random samples from the given Tippet’s random number table. So the first sample is 66 and other 14 samples are 74, 52, 39, 15, 34, 11, 14, 13, 27, 61, 79, 72, 35, and 60. If the numbers are above 83, choose the next number ranging from 1 to 83. This is the most popular and simplest method when the population is finite.

Clustered Sampling

A larger sample size has a more accurate conclusion because the study is more related to the actual population. The amount of the Sampling error is mostly determined by the size of the sample taken from the population. In this method, there should be no scope of bias or any pattern when drawing a selected group of elements for observation. Suppose a sample of 100 employees is to be chosen from a group of employees in an organization. In that case, the numbers from 1 to 100 can be randomly distributed to the employees.

Systematic Sampling falls under the category of restricted random Sampling, which means that it is not purely random. Power is statistically represented as 1 − β and 0.80 is generally accepted as adequate statistical power for a study (Aberson & ProQuest, 2019; Nuzzo, 2016). Eligibility or inclusion criteria also need to be considered in your sample plan. Conversely, exclusion criteria will also need to be decided a priori and often mirror the inclusion criteria (Fain, 2017; Marshall, 2020; Polit & Beck, 2020; Terry & ProQuest, 2018).

Frequently Asked Questions on Sampling Methods

An educational institution has ten branches across the country with almost the number of students. If we want to collect some data regarding facilities and other things, we can’t travel to every unit to collect the required data. Hence, we can use random sampling to select three or four branches as clusters. There are several different sampling techniques available, and they can be subdivided into two groups. All these methods of sampling may involve specifically targeting hard or approach to reach groups.

• The results of the study are interpreted to test hypothesis and in order to estimate parameters of the population from sample data.
• The process of selecting sample units from the population has to be objective and without bias.
• So, each stratum will have members data that are distinct and non-overlapping.
• In the second step, a simple random sample of members are chosen independently from each group or strata.

Each stratum in the universe should be large enough so that the selection of items may be done on a random basis. The researcher starts by interviewing one person or small group of people and then asks them for references. He then collects data from the suggested people and asks them for references and the chain continues until an adequate sample is formed.

What is systematic judgmental sampling?

The random sampling method of selection assures each element of the population has an equal and independent chance of being included in the sample. Items in the sample are selected completely independently of each other. The selection of one unit does not influence the selection of other units.

• If the research is focused on a group of people, then collecting data from everyone is not a possible task.
• Based on demographic parameters such as age, gender, location, and so on, clusters are identified and included in a sample.
• Consecutive sampling is similar to convenience sampling with a slight variation.
• This technique is used when there is considerable diversity among the population elements.
• It gives each element in the population an equal probability of getting into the sample; and all choices are independent of one another.

Additionally, with control strategies, nonprobability methods can produce credible samples. Also, keep in mind that the purpose and design of a particular study using nonprobability methods might not be to demonstrate population representativeness. Many qualitative studies are not interested in representativeness to a population, but rather an in-depth description of the lived experience of the individual elements of a sample.

So, each stratum will have members data that are distinct and non-overlapping. In qualitative research which is related to exploring, non-probability Sampling methods are widely used. The goal of this form of research is to get a thorough understanding of a tiny or not researched community, rather than to test a sample of a large population that has been researched many times. In this method of statistical analysis, the whole population is segregated into multiple homogenous groups or strata. Suppose 20 numbers of individuals are to be selected out from a group of 100 people. In such cases, when we apply systematic sampling, the numbers are assigned to the individuals systematically.

Suggested activities are also included at the end of the chapter for you to self-assess your understanding of the content. Both probability and nonprobability sampling procedures can be further sub-divided into specific sampling techniques that are appropriate for different circumstances. Non-probability Sampling methods are further classified into different types, such as convenience sampling, consecutive sampling, quota sampling, judgmental sampling, snowball sampling. Here, let us discuss all these types of non-probability sampling in detail.